Table of Contents
Shooting technique
1. Push the lens
Pushing the lens is one of the commonly used methods in video shooting. The camera lens and the picture are gradually approaching, the outer frame of the picture gradually shrinks, and the scene inside the picture gradually enlarges, so that the audience can see a certain layout from the overall view. This push lens can guide The audience feels more deeply the inner activities of the characters and strengthens the emotional atmosphere.
2. Pull the lens
The zoom lens is a picture taken by placing the camera on a moving car and zooming back towards the person or scene. The camera gradually moves away from the subject, and the picture gradually expands from a part, so that the viewer’s point of view is moved back to see the connection between the part and the whole.
3. Pan
Panning is a shooting method in video shooting. It refers to a shooting method that changes the axis of the camera’s optical lens by means of the movable chassis on the tripod or the photographer’s own fulcrum when the camera is not moving.
4. Close-up
Close-up refers to the shot of the face of a portrait, a certain part of the human body, and a certain detail of an object in a movie. It was first created and used by early American film director Griffith and others. Its appearance and use have enriched and enhanced the unique expressive power of film art, which has always been film aesthetics.
5. Shift
The effect of the photo taken by the shift axis is like a miniature model, which is very special. The function of the shift lens was originally used to correct the perspective problems that occur when taking pictures with ordinary wide-angle lenses, but it was later widely used to create photographic works with varying depth of focus positions.
The basic scenes are as follows:
1. Vision: Don’t always think about shooting people when shooting portraits. Bringing the environment can render the atmosphere well.
2. Panoramic view: Panoramic scenes help to express the actions of the characters.
3. Close shot: In order to show the character’s expression better, you can use close shot.
4. Close-ups: Close-ups can make you fully pay attention to the details of the characters and are the best way to express details.
Lens language
The lens language is to use the lens to express our meaning like language. We can usually see the intention of the photographer through the image taken by the camera, because we can feel the content that the photographer wants to express through the lens from the subject of its shooting and the changes in the image.
Although the expression of lens language is different from ordinary speech, the purpose is the same. Therefore, the lens language has no rules at all. As long as you use the lens to express your meaning, no matter what lens method is used, it can be called lens language.
Basic knowledge of lens language
scene
According to the different distance and angle of view, it is generally divided into:
Extremely distant view: Extremely distant lens landscape, the characters are as small as ants.
Perspective: A far-reaching lens landscape, where the characters only occupy a small position in the picture. The broad perspective can be divided into three levels: large perspective, long perspective, and small perspective based on the difference of perspective.
Panoramic view: A picture that includes the entire subject and the surrounding environment. It is usually used as an introduction to the environment of film and television works, so it is called the widest lens.
Panoramic view: Take a full picture of the whole body of a character or a small scene, which is equivalent to the landscape in the “stage frame” of a drama and song and dance theater. You can clearly see the characters’ movements and the environment in the panorama.
Small panorama: The actor “stands upright”, is much smaller than the panorama, yet maintains a relatively complete specification.
Middle shot: commonly known as “seven-thin image”, it refers to the shot that takes the part above the calf of a person, or the shot used to shoot a scene equivalent to this. It is a common scene in performance scenes.
Half-length view: commonly known as “bust”, it refers to the view from waist to head, also known as “middle and close view”.
Close-up: refers to the film and television pictures taken from the chest above, sometimes used to show a certain part of the scene.
Close-up: Refers to the camera picking up the object at a very close distance. Usually, the avatar above the shoulders of the human body is used as a reference for framing, highlighting a certain part of the human body, or corresponding object details, scene details, etc.
Macro close-up: Also known as “detailed close-up”, it refers to highlighting a part of the head portrait, or a certain detail of the body or object, such as eyebrows, eyes, bolts, triggers, etc.
Shooting method
Push: Push shooting and lens pushing, which means that the subject does not move, and the camera moves forward to shoot. The viewing range changes from large to small. It is divided into fast push, slow push, slam push, and zoom push shoot. The difference.
Pull: The subject does not move, and the camera moves backwards. The viewing range changes from small to large. It can also be divided into slow pull, fast pull, and jerk.
Shake: The position of the camera does not move, and the body relies on the chassis on the tripod to rotate up and down, left and right, making the audience look around and look at the people or things around as if standing in place.
Shift: also known as mobile shooting. Broadly speaking, the various methods of sports shooting are mobile shooting. But in the usual sense, mobile shooting refers specifically to placing the camera on a vehicle, such as a rail or a rocker, and shooting objects in motion along a horizontal plane. Panning and panning can be combined to form a panning shooting method.
Follow: Refers to tracking shooting. Follow-up is one type, and there are more than 20 shooting methods including follow-up, follow-up, follow-up, follow-up, follow-down, etc., which will combine more than 20 shooting methods such as follow-up and pull, shake, shift, rise, and fall. In short, the follow-up technique is flexible and diverse, which keeps the audience’s eyes fixed on the body and object being followed.
Rise: Upward camera.
Down: Down the camera.
Overhead: overhead shot, often used to show the overall appearance of the environment and occasion in a macroscopic view.
Yang: Looking up shots often have a tall and solemn meaning.
Flicking: Flicking the lens, that is, panning the lens, refers to throwing from one subject to another, showing a sharp change, as a means of scene change without showing the trace of editing.
Suspended: Suspended shooting, sometimes including aerial shooting. It has broad expressive power.
Sora: Also known as an empty lens or a scene lens, it refers to a pure scene lens without the characters in the play (whether it is a person or a related animal).
Cut: A collective term for conversion lenses. The editing of any shot is a “cut”.
Comprehensive: refers to comprehensive shooting, also known as comprehensive lens. It combines several shooting methods, such as pushing, pulling, panning, shifting, heeling, raising, lowering, pitching, tilting, spinning, swinging, hanging, and aerial shooting in a single lens.
Long: Refers to the long lens. Film and television can be defined as a continuous picture of more than 30 seconds.
Anti-shooting: Refers to the opposite direction shooting when the camera is shooting a two-person scene. For example, when shooting a man and a woman sitting and talking, first shoot the man from one side, and then shoot the woman from the other side (close-up, close-up, or half-length), and finally cross-edit to form a complete segment.
Zoom shooting: the camera does not move, through the change of the focal length of the lens, so that people or objects in the distance can be clearly seen, or the close-up scene can be changed from clear to blurred.
Subjective shooting: also known as subjective lens, that is, the lens that expresses the subjective line of sight and vision of the person in the play, and often has the effect of visualized psychological description.
Picture processing skills
Fade in: also known as fade in. Refers to the gradual increase of the luminosity of the first lens of the next scene from zero to normal intensity, just like the “curtain opening” of the stage.
Fade out: also known as fade out. Refers to the last scene of the previous scene from the normal luminosity, gradually darkening to zero degrees, like the “curtain falling” on the stage. Transformation: Also known as “melting”, it means that the previous picture has just disappeared, and the second picture appears at the same time. The two are in the state of “melting” to complete the replacement of the contents of the picture. Its purpose: ①used for time conversion; ②expressing dreams, imagination, and memories; ③showing the unpredictable and dizzying scenery; ④undertaking the transition naturally, and the narration is smooth and smooth. The process of transformation usually takes about three seconds.
Overlay: Also known as “overprint”, it means that the front and back images do not disappear, and some of them are “retained” on the screen or screen. It is through segmentation of the screen, showing the connection of the characters, promoting the development of the plot, etc. Due to planning: also known as “drawing in and out”. It is different from transformation and stacking, but a technique to change the content of the picture with lines or geometric figures, such as circles, diamonds, curtains, triangles, polygons and other shapes or methods. For example, the “circle” method is also called “circle in and circle out”; “curtain” is also called “curtain in and curtain out”, that is, like a rolling curtain, the content of the lens changes.
Entering the picture: Refers to the character entering the viewfinder frame of the shooting machine, and can go through multiple directions such as up, down, left, and right.
Out of the picture: refers to the character originally in the lens, leaving the shooting screen from top, bottom, left, and right.
Freeze frame: refers to adding a certain frame of a movie film or a frame of a TV picture through technical means to add several frames or frames of the same film or picture to achieve the purpose of the image being in a static state. Usually, each segment of a movie or TV screen starts with a fixed frame, changes from static, and ends with a fixed frame, changing from dynamic to static.
Inverted picture: Take the horizontal centerline of the screen or screen as the axis, and turn it over 180° to make the original picture from inverted to front, or from front to back.
Flip the picture: take the vertical centerline of the screen or screen as the axis, so that the picture disappears after a 180° flip, leading to the next shot. Generally express the strong contrast between the new and the old, the poor and the rich, the joy and the sorrow, the present and the past.
Frame: refers to the first frame of photography and the camera.
Falling frame: refers to the last picture before photography and camera stop.
Flashback: A method of expressing the inner activities of characters in film and television. That is to say, a scene is suddenly inserted into a very short picture to show the character’s psychological activities and emotional ups and downs at this moment. The technique is extremely concise and clear. The content of “flashback” generally refers to scenes that have appeared in the past or things that have happened. For example, it is used to express the imagination and premonition of the characters about the future or things that will happen, it is called “front flash”, and it is collectively called “flashing thought” with “flashback”.
(To Be Continued)